
Sacred Calendars
Holy days and sacred celebrations across Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Sikhism, and Latter-day Saints throughout the year.
April
5 observancesEaster
April
Celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ after his crucifixion. The most important Christian holiday, observed with religious services and family gatherings.
General Conference
April
Biannual gathering of church leaders and members to hear sermons and guidance from the leadership of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Passover
April
Celebrates the liberation of the Hebrew people from slavery in Egypt. Observed with the Seder meal, unleavened bread, and retelling of the exodus story.
Rama Navami
April
Celebrates the birth of Lord Rama, the seventh avatar of Vishnu. Observed with temple visits, recitation of Ramayan, and special prayers.
Vaisakhi
April 13-14
Sikh New Year celebrating the founding of the Khalsa. One of the most important Sikh festivals, marked by processions, gatherings at gurudwaras, and community meals.
August
3 observancesAssumption of Mary
August 15
Commemorates Mary's bodily ascension into heaven after her death. A major Christian feast day, especially in Catholic and Orthodox traditions.
Buddhist Lent Begins
August
The beginning of a three-month retreat period (Vassa) where monks return to monasteries to study and meditate intensively.
Janmashtami
August-September
Celebrates the birth of Lord Krishna, the eighth avatar of Vishnu. Observed with special prayers, fasting, and the re-enactment of Krishna's birth.
December
4 observancesBodhi Day
December 8
Celebrates the enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama under the Bodhi Tree. Observed with meditation, temple services, and the lighting of candles.
Christmas
December 25
Celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. Observed worldwide with religious services, family gatherings, and gift-giving.
Hanukkah
December
The Festival of Lights commemorating the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem. Observed with the lighting of the menorah, gift-giving, and festive meals.
February
4 observancesLent Begins
February-March
40-day period of preparation for Easter. Traditionally marked by fasting, prayer, and repentance as Christians prepare for Christ's resurrection.
Lunar New Year
February
The most important festival in the Chinese calendar. Celebrates the start of a new year and is observed with family reunions, special foods, and temple visits across Asia.
Maha Shivaratri
February-March
The great night of Shiva, celebrating the marriage of Shiva and Parvati. Devotees fast, meditate, and perform rituals throughout the night.
January
4 observancesEpiphany
January 6
Celebrates the revelation of Jesus to the Magi and his baptism. Also marks the beginning of Jesus's public ministry and the visit of the three wise men.
Mahayana New Year
January
New Year celebration for Mahayana Buddhist traditions. Observed in East Asia with temple visits and renewal of spiritual practice.
Makar Sankranti
January 14-15
Solar festival celebrating the sun's transition into Capricorn. Marks the end of winter and is celebrated with kites, bonfires, and traditional foods like til and gur.
July
3 observancesGuru Purnima
July
Celebrates the birth of Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) and honors spiritual teachers. Observed with meditation and spiritual renewal.
Muharram (Islamic New Year)
July (varies)
The Islamic New Year, beginning the Islamic lunar calendar. Also marks Ashura, a period of remembrance and mourning for Shia Muslims.
Tisha B'Av
July-August
Mourns the destruction of both the First and Second Temples in Jerusalem. Observed with fasting and the reading of the Book of Lamentations.
June
3 observancesEid al-Adha
June (varies)
The Festival of Sacrifice commemorating Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his son. Observed with animal sacrifice, festive meals, and family gatherings.
Guru Arjan Dev Martyrdom
June
Commemorates the execution of the fifth Guru of the Sikhs. Observed with prayer, community service, and reading from the Guru Granth Sahib.
Summer Solstice
June 20-21
Celebrates the longest day of the year and the peak of yang energy. Observed with rituals honoring the sun and nature's balance.
March
4 observancesHoli
March
Festival of colors celebrating spring, love, and the victory of good over evil. Traditionally observed with colored powders, bonfires, and special foods.
Lailat al-Miraj
March (varies)
Commemorates the Night Journey and Ascension of Prophet Muhammad to heaven. Observed with prayers and reflection on spiritual ascension.
Nowruz
March 20-21
The Persian New Year and Zoroastrian spring festival. Marks the vernal equinox and symbolizes renewal, rebirth, and the triumph of light over darkness.
May
4 observancesAscension Day
May
Marks the ascension of Jesus into heaven 40 days after Easter. Celebrated in Christian churches worldwide as a significant theological event.
Pentecost (Whitsunday)
May-June
Celebrates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the apostles 50 days after Easter. Known as the birthday of the church in Christian tradition.
Shavuot
May-June
Celebrates the giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai. Also a harvest festival, observed with the reading of the Ten Commandments and traditional foods.
November
4 observancesAll Saints' Day
November 1
Honors all Christian saints, known and unknown. Observed with special church services and the remembrance of deceased loved ones.
Diwali (Deepavali)
November
The Festival of Lights celebrating the triumph of light over darkness and good over evil. Observed with the lighting of lamps, fireworks, and family gatherings.
Guru Nanak Jayanti
November
Celebrates the birth of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism. Observed with continuous reading of the Guru Granth Sahib and community meals.
October
3 observancesDussehra
October
Celebrates the victory of good over evil, particularly the victory of Rama over Ravana. Observed with prayers, processions, and the burning of effigies.
Reformation Day
October 31
Commemorates Martin Luther's posting of the Ninety-Five Theses, beginning the Protestant Reformation. Observed primarily by Protestant churches.
Sukkot
October
The Feast of Tabernacles celebrating the Israelites' wilderness journey. Observed with the construction of temporary dwellings and festive meals.
September
4 observancesGanesh Chaturthi
September
Celebrates the birth of Lord Ganesha, the remover of obstacles. Observed with the creation of Ganesha idols, prayers, and festive celebrations.
Mabon (Autumn Equinox)
September 22-23
Celebrates the autumn equinox and the balance between light and darkness. Observed with harvest celebrations and thanksgiving rituals.
Rosh Hashanah
September
The Jewish New Year, celebrating the creation of the world. Observed with special prayers, the blowing of the shofar (ram's horn), and festive meals.
Islamic Calendar Note
Islamic holy days follow the Hijri (lunar) calendar, which shifts approximately 11 days earlier each Gregorian year. This means Islamic holidays rotate through all seasons over a 33-year cycle. The dates listed above are approximate and vary by region and lunar observation.
Ramadan
Varies (shifts ~11 days earlier yearly)The holy month of fasting observed from dawn to sunset. The most important month in the Islamic calendar commemorating the revelation of the Quran to Prophet Muhammad.
Eid al-Fitr
After RamadanFestival celebrating the end of Ramadan fast. Observed with special prayers, festive meals, family gatherings, and gifts given to children and the poor.
Eid al-Adha
70 days after Eid al-FitrFeast of Sacrifice celebrating Prophet Abraham's willingness to obey God. Observed with special prayers, animal sacrifice, and sharing meat with family and the poor.
Mawlid an-Nabi
Varies (Islamic calendar)Celebrates the birth of Prophet Muhammad. Observed with Quran recitations, special gatherings, and commemoration of the Prophet's life and teachings.
Calendar Systems
Different religious traditions use distinct calendar systems to determine holy days and observances. These calendars reflect different ways of measuring time and connecting to the cosmos.
Gregorian Calendar
Christian and secular world
Solar calendar with 365 days per year (366 in leap years). Begins January 1st, currently the most widely used civil calendar globally.
Hebrew Calendar
Judaism
Lunisolar calendar combining lunar months with occasional leap months. Begins with Rosh Hashanah and counts years from the creation of the world (currently year 5785).
Islamic (Hijri) Calendar
Islam
Purely lunar calendar with 354-355 days per year, causing Islamic holidays to shift about 11 days earlier each Gregorian year. Marks time from the Prophet's migration to Medina.
Hindu (Vikram Samvat) Calendar
Hinduism
Lunisolar calendar with months based on lunar phases and leap months for synchronization. Currently year 2082, widely used in Hindu religious and cultural contexts.
Buddhist Calendar
Buddhism
Lunisolar calendar with years counted from Buddha's Nirvana. Different schools and regions observe variations, but all follow lunar phases for determining festival dates.